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Annasha

Annasha Dey is an NIT student, who apart from studying engineering is also a content writer. She has a great interest in photography, writing, reading novels, and travelling as well. She is a foodie who loves socializing and hanging out with her friends. She is also a trained Kathak dancer and a big fashion enthusiast. Dey also loves watching TV series, which includes F.R.I.E.N.D.S. and Big Bang Theory. To be a better writer she prefers to read more

Microsoft

The Microsoft E-Mail hack is costing several organizations including European Union Banking Regulator

Recently, the email system of Microsoft has been compromised due to a cyber-attack which is allegedly caused by a Chinese group. Several organizations have fallen victim to the hack of the Microsoft email system. One of the prime European Union financial regulators, the European Banking Authority has also suffered damage due to the chain of attacks.

Microsoft mentioned in a statement that the company thinks the attack is caused by a state-sponsored Chinese group operating out of China. This alleged Chinese group was trying to exploit some of the flaws in its Exchange email services that were previously not known. According to Microsoft, the main intention of this group is to steal sensitive data from various business and government organizations. Microsoft believes that so far then thousands of users have already been under attack.

The European Banking Authority (EBA) has confirmed this attack on Sunday and also the organization is taking its email system offline as a precautionary measure. An organization of this importance suffers a huge casualty due to such cyber attacks. The investigation has already started in close corporation with many forensic experts, its ICT provider, and “other relevant entities.”

Microsoft E-Mail Hack

The hackers have infiltrated the user’s system using Microsoft’s email system. Currently, more than 20,000 US organizations have been compromised. Before this latest attack, there was another major attack last December where the system of SolarWinds Corp was compromised. But, it was believed that the attack in December was carried out by Russian hackers and now the blame has shifted to Chinese hackers. While investigating the latest cyberattack, it has been found out that the hack has left channels for remote access spread among credit unions, town governments, and small businesses (The Indian Express).

Microsoft

Apart from the US organization, many European and Asian organizations have also fallen victim to these attacks. Though Microsoft has issued emergency patches, the hacks don’t seem to get affected. The situation seems to be getting out of control from the big multinational tech giant. Microsoft previously thought that the attackers are targeting only some limited users. But, the hike in the numbers of victims has made the company take the help of government agencies and other security companies to protect its customers.

In response to those who are under attack, Microsoft mentioned that “impacted customers should contact our support teams for additional help and resources” (The Indian Express). Last Friday, Microsoft witnessed that only 10% of the affected customers have installed the patches issued by Microsoft. The numbers are still rising.

Warning, accusations, and declining

Last Friday, Jen Psaki, White House Press Secretary mentioned that the vulnerabilities that were investigated in Microsoft’s Exchange Server were quite significant and that it could have a far-reaching impact. There has already been quite a high figure in the victim’s list and nobody still knows how many more to go. Blaming the hacker’s group is sponsored by China, the nation has declined and said that China is not behind this series of events.

The EBA which was also attacked mentioned that they might have accessed personal data. So, EBA advises on taking possible mitigation measures if that is what it takes. The security experts think that either China has changed the tactics of its attacks or there might be a second group that is committing this high-scale network infiltration and data theft.

Microsoft has urged all its customers to install the patch at the earliest. Since the attackers are entering from the back door, it is likely they will attack any unpatched system. Microsoft believes that the SolarWinds attacks and this latest attack are in no way connected. But, the company also first thought that the hackers are attacking specific targets which are now keeping to expand. So, the entire situation is becoming very unpredictable with every passing day.

Qualcomm Snapdragon Sound

Qualcomm launched Snapdragon Sound promising better quality and connectivity

Qualcomm launches Snapdragon Sound as a new suite that can be connected to smartphones and well as wireless headphones and earphones. The first announcement regarding this suite for audio products was announced last year during the Qualcomm Summit in December. The Snapdragon Sounds claim to have improved interoperability between Qualcomm Snapdragon fueled smartphones and also with audio products such as headphones and earphones (Gadgets 360).

The new product suite by Qualcomm has promised better audio quality and efficient connectivity for its users. Apart from these two major improvements, it has also embedded additional features like active noise cancellation (ANC) and voice communication software. To enable and use the Snapdragon Sound, both source device and outfit should be supporting the particular technology.

Qualcomm Snapdragon Sound

This new suite is expected to roll out in the market within the next few weeks. The Qualcomm Snapdragon Sound can be enabled on smartphones powered by Snapdragon 888 which is going to roll out this year. This new product is targeting the electronics manufacturer who originally built smartphone and audio products. The Snapdragon Sound will be provided as a one-step solution for product makers working in ANC, Bluetooth, chipset, and other connectivity technologies.

Qualcomm Snapdragon Sound
Image Source: anandtech.com

If a user is using a compatible audio product along with supporting a smartphone such as one with Snapdragon 888, this will allow the activation of the entire audio suite experiencing every feature included in Snapdragon Sound. Some of the features of this new audio suite are ANC, Qualcomm FastConnect, aptX Bluetooth codec, etc.

Other companies working for Snapdragon Sound

Qualcomm worked with two other companies for developing the Snapdragon Sound, namely, Xiaomi and Audio Technica (Japanese headphone maker). The new audio suite will be embedded on some of the company’s new products which will broaden the scope for compatibility and attract more audiences. The users will understand that Snapdragon Sound has been enabled and it is operational when they will receive a new pop-up logo on the connected device. The Snapdragon Sound can be connected even in speakers but both the source and output device should support the technology.

The main technologies that are expected to make the Snapdragon Sound exceptional with enhanced audio quality and connectivity are Qualcomm FastConnect 6900 and the Snapdragon 8-series chipset range. The former technology will enable faster and stable Bluetooth connectivity. There is also Qualcomm active noise cancellation technology which will make the experience more real and authentic. The aptX adaptive codec will be used for high-quality audio transmission over Bluetooth and there will be an amplifier package and Qualcomm Aqstic DAC(Gadgets 360). 

Since Qualcomm has announced the rollout officially, the product makers can now license the entire audio suite for their new products. The company is also working with Amazon Music HD in order to certify the listening experience and reach out to more people. They want to convey all the purposes that will be provided by the new Snapdragon Sound.

Features of Snapdragon Sound

Snapdragon Sound is ensuring the best audio experience bringing the Qualcomm technologies altogether. The new Snapdragon Sound will provide the best audio paired with excellent connectivity and delivering high-resolution music. Using Snapdragon Sound, the voice calls will be clearer and it will ensure a lag-free gaming experience. The audio suite also ensures extended battery life. You can check out the official website of Snapdragon Sound to get a demo of what your music will sound like.

The Snapdragon Sound is compatible with both smartphones as well as wireless earbuds to headphones. This is the kind of technology aspired by every gamer and those attending business calls 24/7 across the globe. If you don’t choose to connect to earphones or headphones, Snapdragon Sound will play the music extra loud from your phone’s speaker using Aqstic technology. This will not damage the phone speakers.

The audio quality will be uncompressed 24-bit 96 kHz. For Bluetooth connectivity, the audio will be compressed and delivered in quality up to 16-bit 44kHz. Snapdragon Sound uses the aptX voice technology to make calls clearer by improving the sound quality. The background noises will be minimized which has a huge advantage of receiving calls no matter where you are.

Guardian

Guardian Personal Safety App launched by Truecaller for location sharing with specific contacts

Only a few days before International Women’s Day, the caller ID platform, Truecaller launched its new application called Guardian. This new app will allow the users to share their location only with specific contacts so that the guardians will receive notification about the user’s location and alerts during any emergency. This new app will not share any personal information with any other third-party app for commercial purposes which also includes Truecaller itself.

This new app by Truecaller has been launched on 3rd March 2021. According to Truecaller, the Guardian app is an in-house built product. Efforts of team members from Sweden and India for the past fifteen months have finally helped in developing the app. If you already have a Truecaller account you can sign in with that in Guardian or you can use your mobile number to sign up. If you aren’t a Truecaller user, then an OTP or a missed call will be generated to verify the mobile number.

The Guardian App

To use the Guardian app, there are only three pieces of information that are required from the user’s end, namely, the user’s contact log, phone permission, and location. The Guardian app doesn’t have any premium model so it is free to use for everyone. The app will not show any ads as well, the company says. In the future, Truecaller plans to add a shortcut for downloading the Guardian app from the Truecaller app so that more people can download and use it. The main motive behind building the Guardian app is to crowdsource personal safety like we crowdsource protection against scams and frauds with the help of Truecaller, said Alan Mamedi, CEO and co-founder of True Software Scandinavia AB (parent company of Truecaller).

Alan also said that he believes the company has the right tool and conviction to make Guardian a success. The best thing about using the Guardian app is that there is only one model for the app which is free. So, the company to some extent is putting more focus on safety than business growth. This is a truly good initiative taken by Truecaller as the app will work with police as well.

How will the App Work?

Guardian app will provide a huge degree of customization to the users as they will get to select the specific contacts with whom the former want to share the location. There will also be options of when to start and stop sharing location. Along with that, the users can also share the location permanently with some contacts. Suppose a user shares the location with the selected contacts in a particular trip, it will keep working in the background. The app will also notify the selected contacts and help them follow the location precisely during any emergency.

Guardian
Image Source: themobileindian.com

Closely following the location will not be enabled in any normal scenario to preserve the battery. Apart from the user’s location, the app will also notify the remaining battery life and network strength to the selected guardians. The app is compatible with an arrangement where the user’s and the guardian’s phone run on different OS (Android and iOS). The users will also be able to call or text the selected contacts once the location is shared only with one tap.

Community Guardians Feature

Truecaller’s Guardian app also plans to launch a feature called Community Guardian. This feature will be useful once the emergency mode has been enabled by the user so that the community guardians in the user’s vicinity can help the user. This will help in crowdsourcing personal safety and help traveling much easier for women. The community guardian feature will help the user receive support from other contacts that are not selected by the user. Truecaller is also trying to involve local law enforcement officials to make the app more effective. This app is designed mainly for ensuring women’s safety, but any user can download and use the app.

Alan also focuses on data sharing as he mentions that no personal data will be stored or shared for commercial purposes. Data will be directly streamed to the client and it will not even touch the platform’s infrastructure. The app is now available in Google Play and soon it will be available on App Store. The company doesn’t have any plan to commercialize the app ever even after it is successful.

Spectrum auction

Reliance Jio emerged as the biggest bidder during Spectrum auction 2021 with Rs 57122. 65 crores

The biggest bidder in the Spectrum auction 2021 was Reliance Jio with Rs 57,122.65 crores for 488. 35MHz spectrum (Gadgets 360). This information was conveyed by the Ministry of Telecommunications and Information Technology in a statement. Reliance Jio after the latest bidding witnessed that the company’s spectrum footprint increased by 55 percent. With the spectrum increased to 1711MHz, the operator became the largest spectrum holder in sub-GHz and 2300MHz. In the Spectrum auction 2021, Bharti Airtel emerged as the second-largest bidder after Jio acquiring 355.45MHz of airwaves worth Rs 18,698.75 crores.

Spectrum auction 2021 came to an end on 2nd March 2021. There were a total of six bidding rounds in Spectrum auction 2021 and the e-auction this time was based on Simultaneous Multiple Round Ascending Auction (SMRA) methodology. The total worth of bids fetched in Spectrum auction 2021 is Rs 77,814.80 crores for 855.60MHz. And, this time the auction went “better than expected” as mentioned by the auction officials.

Bidding in Spectrum auction 2021

The three main bidders in Spectrum auction 2021 that has put airwaves in 700MHz, 800MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, 2100MHz, and 2300MHz bands on bidding are Reliance Jio, Airtel, and Vodafone (Vi). The ministry also informed that there was no bidding for 700MHz and 2500MHz bands. The government put out a total spectrum of 2308.80MHz for auction. The bidders in a total bid for 855.60MHz spectrum which sums up to 60 percent of the total spectrum offered.

Spectrum auction
Image Source: business-standard.com

Reliance on bidding

The Spectrum auction 2021 was exclusively for the 4G bands and the government plans to throw another auction specifically for 5G bands. So, even if Jio has emerged out to be the largest bidder in this auction, the operator still needs to wait for the 5G bidding auction for its 5G services. Many other operators are also making progress in the 5G network technology as well.

Reliance Jio has mentioned in a statement that the company has acquired the right to use spectrum in 22 circles across the country in the recently concluded spectrum auctions (Gadgets 360). And, this acquired spectrum will be very beneficial for the 5G services that will be provided to the Jio users in the country for transactions in 5G. But, the latest Spectrum auction 2021 was all about 4G bands. Mukesh Ambani, Chairperson of Reliance Industries mentioned in a statement that with this increase in the spectrum, the company tends to expand its digital footprint in more parts of India and prepare for the 5G rollout.

Airtel expanding its spectrum

Airtel after becoming the second largest bidder in the auction mentioned that the company acquired 355.45MHz spectrum across sub-GHz, mid-band, and 2300MHz. This huge expansion in the spectrum will help Airtel bring around 90 million additional customers onboard. Gopal Vittal, CEO and MD of Indian and South Asia, Bharti Airtel said that the company now has a very solid spectrum portfolio and this will enable the operator to deliver the “best mobile broadband experience in India.”

Apart from mentioning the future plans of Airtel in India and its spectrum expansion, the operator explained why no bidders went for the 700MHz spectrum band. The main reason behind this is an absence of the economic case which is based on the high reserve prices concerning the 700MHz spectrum. This is a low-frequency band that is extensively used for bolstering inner cellular coverage.

The company also mentioned that the reserving prices, particularly on this band, should be a focus point of discussion in near future. Because, if this band is coupled with the 3.5GHz band it will unleash the potential of India becoming one of the nations in terms of the digital era.  So, this is a very important issue that should be addressed by the government at the earliest as the nation will benefit hugely if these reserving price tags are taken off.

Apart from the bidding by Reliance Jio and Airtel, Vodafone was also one of the bidders. The company came last in the list with an 11.80MHz spectrum band worth Rs 1,993.40 crores. The government officials have mentioned that the spectrum of each operator will be valid for 20 years from now.

ISS

The seven-hour spacewalk by astronauts preparing International Space Station for new solar arrays.

On 28th February 2021, two astronauts completed a seven-hour spacewalk as they started preparing the International Space Station (ISS) for new solar panels. The new solar panels will provide a major power upgrade for the orbiting lab. The spacewalkers are two NASA astronauts, namely, Kate Rubins and Victor Glover who worked outside the station to install the modification kits required for the new solar arrays. They planned to install two kits on two-mast canisters present at the base of the outpost’s current solar wing but succeeded in installing one (Space.com).

The astronauts are planning to complete the second installation in the next spacewalk. There are updates that the construction of the upper support hardware has been completed and secured. The next planned spacewalking is on 5th March as updated by NASA officials. NASA said that the older pair of solar panels (oldest installed in 2000) have started generating less power hence the required installation is taking place.

International Space Station new solar arrays

The size of these new solar arrays will be comparatively smaller due to the advancement in technology. Boeing, which is the prime contractor for the ISS operations is providing the new solar arrays with help from Spectrolab and Deployable Space Systems. NASA set that the new installations will take the help of the already existing infrastructure to deploy it. NASA planned to install these solar arrays in ISS’s 2B and 4B. The installation required a heavy installation kit and tools which came in an 8 feet long bag.

ISS
Image Source: blogs.nasa.gov

Both Kate and Victor started their work with the installation kit at the right edge of the ISS. They used a special ‘slingshot’ device to use crew safety tethers far from the core of the ISS (Space.com). The size of the installation kit is very large and hence was unable to fit out the door as mentioned by Art Thomason, spacewalk officer. The team is planning to bring the kit out in pieces and then assemble it together. The installation kit is not only large but weighs 150kg. Hence, the astronauts need to be very cautious while ringing it out to where the solar arrays are located. 

Obstacles while installation

Though the astronauts don’t have to deal with gravity in space, there is mass and inertia still present. Moreover, the size of the kit is too big and they haven’t worked with much larger things before. They are expected to be very cautious especially when turning the corners. At each site of the installation, the astronauts need to use portable foot restraints and tethers to anchor in place before installing the struts. It was also in the plan to secure thermal blankets over the struts. To capture clear images, there was a video camera installed in one of the astronaut’s spacesuits.

The plan was completely not successful as one of the bolts of the first strut didn’t fully engage at the first attempt. Kate used a power drill to reset it and reach a safe configuration. Upon completing it, the astronauts installed the support for the second set of arrays which will be installed on 5th March. On the next spacewalk, Kate Rubins and Soichi Noguchi will venture into space and complete the task along with other maintenance tasks.

Boosting power in the orbiting laboratory

With time, the power generation capability of the solar arrays degrades. The first installed panels had a life of 15 years and still, they are generating power. The new solar arrays will boost the power of the station by 20 to 30 percent. Currently, there are eight solar arrays in place and they provide 160kW power. Half of them don’t operate continuously as they are used when the ISS is in orbital darkness and this takes place once in a fortnight. After all the new solar panels are installed, the station will be able to receive a total power of 215kW.

The delivery of these new solar panels will take in this year in three supply missions. They will be transported in the unpressurized trunk of the SpaceX Dragon cargo spacecraft. Installing each solar array will take two spacewalks, one for preparing and the second for installation.

Australia new law

Australia finally passes the landmark law making tech giants pay for local content deals.

For the past few months, tension has risen between the Australian government and tech giants like Google like Facebook. According to the Australian government, such massive tech companies should pay the local media and publishing companies for content. In this way, the local Australian media channels and quality content providers will be benefited and would help in their overall economic and social growth. In the beginning, Google opposed the decision when the first news broke out, but with compromise from both parties, Australia finally passed the landmark law on 25th February 2021.

This new law passed by the Australian legislation will make the tech giants across the globe pay millions of dollars for local news content. Facebook and Google strongly opposed the law but after watering down the binding rules, they have finally agreed to pay the local news channels (Gadgets 360). In the beginning, Google said that the search engine will shut down in Australia if the law is enforced. But, after months of several discussions and debates, Google and Facebook will pay tens of millions with the enforcement of this law.

What changes the new law will bring?

The new law passed by the Australian government will help largely to uplift and give recognition to local news publishers. This can be a perfect model for other nations as well where tensions have risen before between such big firms and local companies. Uplifting small businesses help in improving the economic condition of a nation overall.

Google has launched its new product called Google News Showcase last year. The content Google will pay for now to the local Australian content publishers will be posted on this new platform. In the case of Facebook, the company will pay for the content coming up on the News product which is yet to be rolled out in Australia.

Australia new law
Image Source: thehindu.com

The main reason that the urgency to enforce this law came up is that the regulators think the big tech giants dominate online advertising. With every passing day, they are suppressing the importance of the traditional way of airing news and those organizations as well. At the same time, they are using the content from these organizations for free which is not justified. This is true as everyone is using the internet and smartphone for every purpose and the conventional way of news sourcing is getting lost somewhere. At first, the big tech firms opposed fearing it would hurt their business but it is also a government’s responsibility to uplift the condition of its nation.

Negotiations and compromises

When the Australian government planned to enforce the law the media companies opposed it because the former was going to make it compulsory. And, the government also mentioned that if the companies fail to strike a deal with the local media companies, it will fix a negotiator who will decide the terms of the monetary settlement on behalf of the company. This prospect was dramatically reduced by last-minute government amendments (Gadgets 360).

If both Google and Facebook have backed their business out from Australia, they would have lost millions of active users which would have affected their businesses. So, both Google and Facebook are trying to negotiate deals with Australian media companies. Josh Frydenberg, the Treasurer, said that it pleases the government to see that both the companies are trying to land commercial arrangements with Australian companies. Facebook was not very inclined towards this arrangement before as the company is not that much interested in news content.

Public interest journalism

The new law that is passed today is called the News Media and Digital Platforms Mandatory Bargaining Code. And, according to the Australian government, this new law will help remunerate the local media companies for the quality content they are providing. This new working culture will improve and sustain public interest journalism in Australia. The two tech giants still have a couple of months left to reach any further agreements.

Google has arranged deals with two Australian media companies namely Rupert Murdoch’s News Corp and Nine Entertainment. Facebook’s first deal is with Seven West Media which is another new organization in Australia. Both the companies are planning to invest around $1billion in the news sector for the next three years.